Why such Rapid Growth among Southeast Asian Agricultures? [in French]
Rodolphe De Koninck & Jean-François Rousseau, Pourquoi et jusqu’où la fuite en avant des agricultures sud-est asiatiques ?, FMSH-WP-2012-13, juin 2012.
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Les auteurs
Rodolphe De Koninck, professeur au Département de géographie de l’Université de Montréal et titulaire de la Chaire de recherche du Canada en études asiatiques
Jean-François Rousseau est doctorant au Département de géographie de l’Université McGill à Montréal.
Le texte
Les recherches sur lesquelles cet article est fondé ont été réalisées dans le cadre du projet intitulé Challenges of the Agrarian Transition in Southeast Asia (CHATSEA). Mené de 2004 à 2010, celui-ci a été appuyé financièrement par le Conseil des recherches en sciences humaines du Canada, dans le cadre de son programme des Grands travaux de recherche concertée. Les auteurs tiennent à remercier le Conseil tout comme la Maison Suger (Fondation Maison des sciences de l’homme) à Paris, ainsi que, parmi les nombreux participants à ce projet, Jean-Philippe Leblond, Pham Thanh Hai et Marc Girard.
Ce texte a été soumis en juin 2012 pour publication à la revue L’Espace géographique.
Abstract
Since the early 1960s, agricultural growth has been strong among most Southeast Asian countries. Largely fed by a dynamic relationship between agricultural intensification and territorial expansion, this strong growth concerns nearly all forms of production whether food or non-food, whether rice or cash crops such as palm oil, rubber or coffee. But the major factors behind these successes have been state policies. These have facilitated the adoption of new technologies among agricultural communities, particularly those associated with the Green Revolution as well as massive land opening towards the respective national territorial margins. More recently, this expansion has reached into the maritime domain, with the development of fish production including through marine aquaculture. This has led, first, to an acceleration of environmental deterioration which concerns in particular both the forest domain, including mangroves, and the maritime domain itself. Secondly, although until recently agricultural food production had held its ground so to speak, growing at equivalent speed with cash crop production, it is now beginning to fall behind. The growing submission of the region’s agricultures to world market demand goes hand in hand with the increasing role played by agro-food multinationals which everywhere are replacing the states in monitoring the national agricultural domains, pioneer fronts included.
Keywords
agriculture, agricultural intensification, agricultural expansion, environnemental degradation, Southeast Asia
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